Australia and Human rights

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Human rights are the universally recognised interests, powers, liberties and entitlements associated with respect to human dignity and freedom. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights documents this definition and recognises the existence of Human rights. Since the formation of this declaration numerous treaties and declarations have branched from it developing our understanding of human rights.

International human rights have been developed over many centuries through the generation of customary international law and recently through the multilateral treaties and conventions developed specifically to address human rights issues.

International rights come in several main categories, which include civil and political rights, economic, social and cultural rights, environmental and peace rights and collective rights to self-determination. The first two categories are the two major categories initially recognised by international law in the mid 0th Century. The next two categories are the newest wave of human rights issues, arisen as a result of the agitation by developing countries.

International human rights can only take effect through domestic law. Thus making it somewhat controversial as it imposes duties on states in relation to individuals within their own territory.

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In Australia the executive government initially needs to ratify the treaty, convention or any other international instrument. Afterwards the Australian government, or executive, followed by enactment can directly accept the international instrument in question. The parliament will then incorporate the meaning of the international treaty into the domestic legislation via common law, statutes and in the state and Commonwealth constitutions.

Where the international human rights laws aren't incorporated into the words of an Act or judicial decision the international law may be used to assist in the interpretations of statutes and constitutions.

Under Common Law it is required that Administrative decisions must take into account international conventions to which Australia is a signatory. As demonstrated in the case of the Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs v Teoh (15), where the Federal court decided to grant Mr Teoh's application for residency in Australia despite his failure to meet character requirements under the Migration Act 158. The Court validated its decision by arguing that Mr Teoh's role as a father figure must be considered under the Convention on the Rights of the Child in any assessment of his application to remain in Australia.

Statute law ensures much of the Human rights protection in Australia. Various Acts concerning welfare, education, health and criminal matters have been introduced to ensure justice, fairness and equality within our society. Many of these such as the Racial discrimination Act (Cth) 175, and the Disability Discrimination Act (Cth) 1 are reflective of the human rights provisions.

Within the Australian Constitution there are stated protection's offered to individuals such as the right to vote and the right to trial by jury for serious offences.

Other avenues for protection include the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, the State and Federal Ombudsman, Privacy Commissioner, Anti-Discrimination Board, Administrative Decisions Tribunal and through the Federal Court for a full hearing of a case. Parliamentary committees and law reform bodies investigate the protection of human rights in Australia and make recommendations for change. The federal parliament's Human Rights Sub-committee established in 11, is an example of one such body.

However, there are still loopholes within the domestic system that have become evident recently, with the arousal of some delicate issues for which the government has faced harsh criticism.

The Australian public has voiced their concern about lack of protection from statute law, where some international human rights treaties have failed to become domestic law. The Commonwealth has the power to pass such legislation but it has been unwilling to interfere in what are often regarded as state matters. The Federal government's unwillingness to overturn the Northern Territory's mandatory sentencing is an example of this.

Other criticisms coming from the UN committees, aimed at the government lack of compassion for refugees and illegal immigrants and economic and social inequalities faced by ATSI people has been bluntly rejected by the government.

These criticisms have led to the suggestion that Australia should have its own bill of rights to ensure adequate protection of human rights. Another suggested reform is the creation of a single expert monitoring body in place of the current six specialist committees, and a proper resourcing of such a committee.

In conclusion it is evident that Australia has taken the first few steps in creating a democratic legal system that provides care and protection for its citizens, yet the legal system has failed many of its tests. The UN human rights system operates as some sort of safety net in the absence of a comprehensive Australian system for rights protection.

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Kazimir Malevich in relation to Organizational Communications

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The Push Towards the Subjective

a.k.a. Non-Objective

The corporate world is an ongoing fight towards individual rights and ideas working within the framework of a successful operation. Business is a well-oiled machine, but over the years people have realized that the individual parts have feelings. How do you accommodate these feelings while maintaining the machine as a whole? Therein is the fight and the progression. This fight for rights does not take place only in the working environment. Nor does it take place only in the home. Art is no different than the rest of the world. Kazimir Malevich believed that art was for the artist, not for the viewer.

Kazimir was born in Kiev in 1878. He attended many schools for painting and drawing in his early years. He began painting in the Impressionist style before experimenting with Fauvism. Years later he became a master in the Russian art circle of cubofuturism. It was then when he introduced his theory called suprematism. His idea was non-objective art. 'Beauty is in the eye of the beholder,' not 'beauty is beauty.' Art went from landscapes and portraits to ambiguous shapes and avant-garde colors. No longer did the viewer determine what was beautiful and what was to be painted. The decision now rested firmly on the shoulders of the artist.

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Saying that art imitates life in this situation would be incorrect. Life later imitates art. If artists feel that they are not free in their line of work then what hope is there for the factory worker? Art is freedom to express and explore. But that was not happening. The artists felt trapped. Artists united fore they had nothing to lose but their easels. A new movement took place. A new style of art was formed Non-objective. It was true freedom at last. An apple doesn't necessarily have to look like and apple. People don't necessarily have to look like people. Art was finally free.

With art now free, it would not be long until others wanted the freedom as well. These paintings inspired. They evoked a feeling of freedom and meaning. No one could say concretely what was beautiful. No longer was there a right or a wrong. Later in the world this longing for freedom and meaning would manifest in life itself. The world was soon to become a freer place for the workingman.

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Social effects of marijuana

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Social effects of marijuana. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Social effects of marijuana paper right on time.

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The use and Effects of marijuana on Teenagers

There are many effects of marijuana use on teenagers. In my essay I will be covering the following points what is Marijuana and why is it so popular in teenagers; the acute and physical effects of using Marijuana; legalization and the use of marijuana for medical purposes.

What is marijuana? Often called pot; grass; weed; herb or Mary Jane, marijuana is a greenish gray mixture of the dried shredded leaves, stems seeds and or flower buds of cannabis sativa, the hemp plant.

Most users smoke marijuana in a hand rolled cigarette called a joint, some use pipes (also referred to as cones), or water pipes called bongs. Marijuana can also be used to brew tea and is sometimes mixed into food.Buy cheap Social effects of marijuana term paper

The major active chemical in marijuana is Delta--tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which causes the mind-altering effects of marijuana intoxication. Marijuana is strongly absorbed into fatty tissue in various organs.

There are a number of reasons why teenagers choose to smoke marijuana. Many see their brothers, sisters, friends or even older family members using it. Peer pressure can also contribute greatly. Others may smoke it because they hear songs about it, see it on television and movies and see it being labeled on clothing. Some teenagers may feel they need it to help them escape from problems at home, at school or with friends.

Marijuana is a dangerous drug; it can hurt a teenager's education, family ties and his/her social life. If a teenager uses marijuana, it disrupts his/her whole life. Performance in school, sports and other activities will suffer. One of the biggest hazards of marijuana for teenagers is that if one is 'high', or 'stoned' on marijuana, they are more likely to make stupid mistakes that could embarrass or even hurt them. If used a lot the user can loose interest in how they are getting along in school/at work, and loose interest in their physical appearance.

Scientists have learnt a lot about THC effects on the brain. When someone smokes marijuana, THC rapidly passes from the lungs into the bloodstream, which then carries the chemical to organs throughout the body including the brain. In the brain, THC connects to specific sites called cannabinoid receptors. Many cannabinoid receptors are found in parts of the brain that influence pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory, time perception, and coordinated movement. The use of marijuana reduces your ability to do things that require coordination and concentration, like sports, dancing, acting and studying.

Short term effects of marijuana use include problems with memory and learning; distorted perception; trouble with thinking and problem solving; loss of coordination; increased heart rate; panic attacks; anxiety; paranoia and more. THC disrupts the nerve cells and in the part of the brain where memories are formed. This makes it hard for the user to recall recent events, therefore it is hard to learn whilst one is stoned. A working short-term memory is required for learning and performing tasks that call for more than one or two steps. All this is pretty self-explanatory; when one is stoned it is impossible to learn.

Effects begin immediately after the drug enters the brain and last from 1- hours. If consumed with food or drink, the short term effects begin more slowly (1/ �1 hour) and last longer (for as long as 4 hours). Within a few minutes after inhaling marijuana smoke, an individual's heart begins to beat more rapidly and blood vessels in the eye expand, causing the eyes to look red.

The user may experience pleasant sensations, colour and sounds may seem more intense and time seems to pass more slowly. The users mouth feels dry and he/she may suddenly become very hungry and thirsty. Marijuana users who have taken high doses of the drug may experience hallucinations, delusions and lose sense of personal identity, or self-recognition.

Even infrequent marijuana use can cause burning and stinging of the mouth and throat, often accompanied by a heavy cough. Someone who smokes marijuana regularly may have some of the same respiratory problems that tobacco smokers do, such as daily cough and phlegm production, more frequent acute chest illness and greater chances of obstructed airways. Marijuana also has the potential to promote cancer of the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system because it contains irritants and carcinogens. It contains 50-70% more carcinogenic hydrocarbons than tobacco smoke does. Marijuana users usually inhale more deeply and hold their breath for longer then tobacco smokers, therefore increasing exposure to carcinogenic smoke.

Acute health consequences of marijuana abuse include

sum Impairs short term memory

sum Impairs attention, judgments

sum Impairs coordination and balance

sum Increased heart rate

Memory and learning skills are persistent health consequences of marijuana abuse

Long tern, permanent effects for chronic abuse include

sum Can lead to addiction

sum Increases the risk of chronic cough and bronchitis

sum Increases risk of cancer to respiratory passage

Long-term marijuana use can lead to addiction for some people. Along with craving, withdrawal symptoms can make it hard for long-term smokers to stop using the drug. People trying to quit report irritability, difficulty sleeping and anxiety.

Marijuana is illegal, therefore if on your record, your chances of getting a job or getting into universities is decreased. In some states it is only a misdemeanor, but still illegal. Police spend a lot of time cutting back plants at harvesting time, costing the tax payers a lot of money, so why not legalize it and save New Zealand some money.

Using, selling, holding or buying marijuana can get you suspended or even expelled from school, hurting your chances of getting a job in the future. If a teenager decides to use marijuana, he/she will have to take full responsibility.

It is easy to see if one is under the influence of marijuana. It disrupts the senses, the user may seem dizzy and have trouble walking, seem silly and giggly for no reason, and have a hard time remembering things that just happened. When early effects fade over a few hours the user may become very sleepy. With these easy to spot characteristics it is easy to see if a teenager is under the influence of marijuana. Further more the traces of THC can be easily detected in standard urine testing methods several days after smoking. In a heavy user however, traces can be detected weeks after smoking. Since it is easy to test weather someone has been using marijuana, officials can quickly tell if a teenager has been using it.

When the overall use of alcohol decreases the overall use of marijuana increases. This is because marijuana and alcohol are compliments, meaning that alcohol use influences marijuana and vice-versa. It is suggested that marijuana made an appearance because of the prohibitation of alcohol. This implies that when alcohol was denied people started using marijuana, furthermore while the drinking of alcohol decreases the use of marijuana increases, thus being more support that marijuana is reliant on alcohol and vice-versa.

Marijuana is not all bad; it is also used for medical purposes. THC, the main ingredient in marijuana produces effects that can be useful for treating a variety of medical condition such as, nausea in cancer chemotherapy patients, and to stimulate appetite in patients with wasting due to AIDS.

I believe that the use of marijuana in teenagers is something that has to be decided by the individual them self. With the effects of marijuana intoxication being much the same as the effects of alcohol, I feel it should be legalized but with the same restrictions that alcohol has. This would save tax payers money as the police wouldn't have to spend so much time and effort cutting back plants before the grower gets to them.

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Guitars

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on guitars. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality guitars paper right on time.

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How Electric Guitars WorkBuy guitars term paper

by Marshall Brain

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The Gibson Flying V Guitar

From a popular culture standpoint, the electric guitar is one of the most important inventions of the 0th century. More than any other instrument, it defines the tone and character of rock and roll music. But when the electric guitar first hit the scene in the 10s, few people saw its potential. It took quite a while for the instrument to find its place in American music.

Despite the slow start, the electric guitar did find its place. It has inspired and defined entirely new types of music. The electric guitar remains the most prominent instrument in rock music, and the most famous instrument ever to come out of the United States.

In this edition of HowStuffWorks, you will learn exactly how the guitar itself works, and we will also discuss the system that the guitar and the amp create together. Working in combination, the guitar and the amp can produce an amazing variety of sounds.

How the Guitar Works

If you have ever compared an electric guitar to an acoustic guitar, you know that they have several important things in common. Both acoustic and electric guitars have six strings, they both tune those strings with tuning pegs and they both have frets on a long neck. Down at the body end is where the major differences are found.

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The Gibson Flying V and classic Les Paul electric guitars

Some electric guitars have a hollow or semi-hollow body with the resonating cavity found in an acoustic guitar, but the most popular electric guitars have solid bodies. The sound is produced by magnetic pickups and controlled by several knobs. If you pluck a string on an electric guitar that is not plugged in, the sound is barely audible. Without a soundboard and a hollow body, there is nothing to amplify the strings vibrations. See How Acoustic Guitars Work for details.

To produce sound, an electric guitar senses the vibrations of the strings electronically and routes an electronic signal to an amplifier and speaker. The sensing occurs in a magnetic pickup mounted under the strings on the guitars body. A simple magnetic pickup looks like this

A vibrating string cuts through the field of a bar magnet in the pickup, producing a signal in the pickups coil.

This pickup consists of a bar magnet wrapped with as many as 7,000 turns of fine wire. If you have read How Electromagnets Work, then you know that coils and magnets can turn electrical energy into motion. In the same way, they can turn motion into electrical energy. In the case of an electric guitar, the vibrating steel strings produce a corresponding vibration in the magnets magnetic field and therefore a vibrating current in the coil.

There are many different types of pickups. For example, some pickups extend a single magnet bar under all six strings. Others have a separate polepiece for each string, like this

Some pickups use screws for polepieces so that the height of each polepiece can be adjusted. The closer the polepiece is to the string, the stronger the signal.

The pickups coil sends its signals through a very simple circuit on most guitars. The circuit looks something like this

The upper variable resistor adjusts the tone. The resistor (typically 500 kilo-ohms max) and capacitor (0.0 microfarads) form a simple low-pass filter. The filter cuts out higher frequencies. By adjusting the resistor you control the frequencies that get cut out. The second resistor (typically 500 kilo-ohms max) controls the amplitude (volume) of the signal that reaches the jack. From the jack, the signal runs to an amplifier, which drives a speaker.

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The body of this Gibson Gary Moore Signature electric guitar has multiple pickups.

Many electric guitars have two or three different pickups located at different points on the body. Each pickup will have a distinctive sound, and multiple pickups can be paired, either in-phase or out, to produce additional variations.

Amps and Distortion

Most electric guitars are completely passive. That is, they consume no power, and you dont have to plug them into a power supply. (Some do have active electronics powered by an onboard battery.) The vibration of the strings produces a signal in the pickup coil. That bare, unamplified signal is what comes out of the guitar and into the amp.

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The Gibson GA-15 amp

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The Gibson GA-0RVS amp

Photo courtesy Gibson Guitars

The Gibson GA-0RVH amp

The amps job is to take the guitars signal and make it audible by boosting it enough to drive a speaker. The fascinating thing about an electric guitar amp is that the amp is actually a part of the instrument.

The role of an electric guitar amp is completely different from the amp in a stereo system. A stereo amp is meant to be transparent -- its job is to reproduce and amplify sound with as little distortion as possible. With an electric guitar amp, musicians often seek distortion as well as the option of a clean sound. Distortion results when the signal in an amps circuitry is too powerful for that circuitry. The distortion is actually a part of the desired sound, and many amps are designed so that guitarists can control the level of distortion.

Musicians may also take advantage of feedback loops between the amp and the guitar. If the sound coming out of the amp and speaker is loud enough, it can cause the guitars strings to vibrate. The musician can hit a note with the guitar, and the amp will cause that string to continue vibrating indefinitely. Both of these concepts -- amp distortion and feedback -- are unique to the electric guitar.

You can hear the effects of distortion in these three examples

Electric guitar without distortion - Gibson ES-175 guitar with 57 Classic Humbucker pickups

Electric guitar with mild distortion - Les Paul Custom guitar with 40R and 48T pickups

Electric guitar with heavy distortion - Gibson SG 61 Reissue guitar with 57 Classic Humbucker pickups

A typical amp has at least three parts

A pre-amp

A power amplifier

A speaker

Some amps also include effects and reverb circuits between the pre-amp and the power amplifier.

The job of the pre-amp is to boost the guitars signal enough so that it can actually drive the power amplifier stage. Because an electric guitar is passive, its signal does not have enough power to drive the power amp directly.

One of the interesting things about many electric guitar amplifiers is the use of vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes have distortion patterns and characteristics that are known and loved by many musicians. These musicians seek out tube amps with specific tubes and specific amplifier circuits (for example, Class A versus Class AB amplifiers) to get the exact sound they are looking for.

Electric Guitar History

Engineers began experimenting with electrically powered instruments, such as music boxes and player pianos, in the 1800s. But the first attempts at an amplified instrument did not come until the development of electrical amplification by the radio industry in the 10s.

Photos courtesy Gibson Guitars

Peter Townsend and the PeteTownsend Signature SG guitar from Gibson

One of the earliest innovators was Lloyd Loar, an engineer at Gibson Guitar Company. In 14, Loar developed an electric pickup for the viola and the string bass. In Loars pickup design, the strings passed vibrations through the bridge to the magnet and coil, which registered those vibrations and passed the electric signal on to an amplifier. The first commercially advertised electric guitar, made by the Stromberg-Voisinet company in 18, utilized a similar pickup, with vibrations being picked up from the soundboard.

The goal of these early innovators was to amplify the natural sound of the guitar, but the signal was too weak. It was only when engineers utilized a more direct pickup system, in which the electromagnet registered string vibration from the strings themselves, that the modern electric guitar became a reality. The first commercially successful model, the so-called Frying Pan, was developed and marketed by George Beauchamp and Adolph Rickenbacker in 1. (Check out this site for more information.)

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Stephen F. Austin

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Stephen F. Austin

Stephen Fuller Austin was born November rd 17 in Austinville, Virginia. At age five his family moved to Missouri. Austin attended school in Connecticut and graduated with honors from Transylvania University in Kentucky.

Prior to coming to Texas Austin worked in his father's general store and eventually took over the management of the family mining business. Austin served as a director of a failed bank, militia officer, and was a member of the Missouri territorial legislature. In 181 the governor of Arkansas appointed Austin as a circuit judge.

It was Austin's father who took the first steps toward establishing an American colony in Mexican Tejas. Though not thrilled with his father's idea he decided to cooperate. Moses Austin traveled to San Antonio in 180 to petition for a land grant. Approval was received in 181 for three hundred American families to settle on two hundred thousand acres. But Moses Austin died before being able to complete his plans and the responsibility of establishing the colony fell to Stephen at age twenty-seven.Order custom research paper on Stephen F. Austin

The governor of Mexico allowed Austin to explore the coastal plains between the San Antonio and Brazos rivers for the purpose of selecting a site for the colony. Austin selected the colony site on the lower Colorado and Brazos rivers allowing for plenty of water to be available to the colonists. The town was called San Felipe de Austin and was a good place to live because the colonists lived in peace with one another, were honest in their dealings, and were generous towards strangers. Characteristics Austin required of the colonists were that they become citizens of Mexico, only those who planned to live in Texas could buy land, produce evidence of good moral character, and had to practice Christianity. The three hundred colonists who settled in Texas became known as the "Old three hundred".

Austin is referred to as the Father of Texas for the hundreds of families he brought with him into the state of Texas due to the poor conditions of the United States at the time. Austin believed that most disputes could be worked out in the Mexican system where he had mixed success. He was imprisoned in Mexico City by President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna for proposing statehood for Texas and for inciting insurrection. He briefly commanded Texas volunteers during the Texas Revolution and then went to the United States to gain support for the Texas cause. Later he served as secretary of state in the government of the Texas Republic.

Austin devoted the best years of his life to the cause of Texas. He died on December 7, 186 at the age of forty-three. He was remembered as an unassuming man with a kindly presence, and was deeply respected by all.

Please note that this sample paper on Stephen F. Austin is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Stephen F. Austin, we are here to assist you. Your persuasive essay on Stephen F. Austin will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Cadbury

If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Cadbury. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Cadbury paper right on time.

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At Cadbury Schweppes they are proud of a heritage whose origins go back more than 00 years. It was in 178 that Jacob Schweppes perfected his process for manufacturing carbonated mineral water in Geneva, Switzerland. John Cadbury opened in Birmingham in the UK in 184. Originally selling tea and coffee, it was, however, his marginal lines of cocoa and chocolate that, in just a few years, took over as the mainstay of the business and started the Cadbury success story.

A merger of two great British household names formed Cadbury Schweppes in 16. Since then they have expanded the business throughout the world by a programme of organic and acquisition led growth.

They took the strategic decision in the mid 180s to concentrate on core international brands of beverages and confectionery and exit the general foods and hygiene sector with the sale of non-core brands such as Typhoo Tea, Kenco Coffee and Jeyes. Since then, they have strengthened their portfolio of key brands through the purchase of Motts (18), Canada Dry (186), Trebor (18), Bassett (18), Dr Pepper and Seven Up (15) and Hawaiian Punch (1).

The new millennium has seen them continue to make acquisitions concentrating in interests in North America, Europe and the Asian Pacific regions. Snapple and Hollywood were acquired in 000, and in 001 they became number two in the soft drinks market in France with the acquisition of Orangina. In 00 Cadbury Schweppes catapulted to joint number one position worldwide in confectionery and number two worldwide in chewing gum, first by buying Dandy, the Danish chewing gum company and, at the end of the year, announcing our proposed $4. billion acquisition of Adams.

Drop a melted Cadbury chocolate bar on your favorite white shirt? Not to worry, Schweppes club soda will get it right out. A leading global confectioner, Cadbury Schweppes is also the worlds # soft-drink producer, after The Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo. Its beverage brands are sold mainly in North America and Western Europe and include 7 UP (US only), A&W Root Beer, Canada Dry, Dr Pepper, and Hawaiian Punch. It also makes Motts apple products and Clamato juice. The companys confections are the market leaders in the UK. Along with the famous Cadbury Cr�me Egg, its candy brands include Trebor and Bassett. Cadbury Schweppes gum brands include Bubbas, Trident, and Dentyne.

At Cadbury Schweppes their purpose is to work together to create brands people love. They believe that good ethics and good business go together naturally to produce the best long-terms results for all our stakeholders. Ethical business sits at the heart of Cadbury Schweppes. It always has. It is part of who they are, they heritage, their processes and the way they behave. Their Business Principles reflect and reinforce this. Through them they continue to play a positive part in society, grow shareowner value, attract and develop the best kind of people and, importantly, create brands people love.

They are privileged to live in what is an increasingly democratic world with the freedom to choose the way we live, the way we work and what we consume. Freedom of choice is a vital factor in the fast moving and highly competitive consumer goods industry in which Cadbury Schweppes operates. Their products are purchased daily in there millions around the world and unless we consistently offer quality, value and satisfaction they know that their consumers will switch faithfulness.

Their products fulfill a broad range of needs. Their beverages quench thirst, provide refreshment and taste and reflect lifestyles. Their confectionery offers energy, taste, rewards and gift opportunities. They cater for these fundamental needs in a range of products, which offer a huge variety of ingredients and styles. Variety is important. In there business freedom of choice means not only the freedom to seek new combinations of old favorites, but also new experiences.

Their brands become old friends with whom our consumers have special relationships. This makes their protection of their reputation an essential ingredient of our-long term success. They are also constantly seeking new and innovative ways to satisfy the consumers willingness to try new things. Consequently whenever they develop a new product they have to build consumer awareness through advertising and promotion. Consumers want to be informed, whether to be reminded of their feelings about established favorites or to be told of new delights available for their delectation!

With choice, comes access to their products. Their job is to make their products as widely available as possible; to ensure that they are always within an arms reach whether as an impulse or a considered buy. To achieve this, they work with their customers in many different trade channels.

How well they do all of the above determines how successful they are. How successful they are, in turn, translates into long-term value for their shareowners. If the consumers right to choose is a given, so too is their responsibility to that consumer. Good businesses have clear values determining everything they do, and are characterized by good governance.

The Cadbury Schweppes Statement of Purpose and Values provides them with an operating framework for their strategic intent and the manner in which they conduct their business in todays world. Whatever the challenge - eradicating harmful working practices in the cocoa-growing industry; providing guidance in cocoa growing regions, or working with governments and other bodies to combat the rise of obesity by educating and informing about healthy lifestyles and sensible diets - all issues can be actively addressed within a clear and consistent set of business principles.

They are an international company proud of their long heritage, which recognize that they do not operate in isolation. They believe that a creative and well-managed corporate and social responsibility programme is in the best interests of all their stakeholders - consumers, customers, shareowners, employees, suppliers, and other business partners - who work together with them. They also have a clear commitment to the communities and to the environment in which we do business.

Corporate and Social Responsibility (CSR) is a board level responsibility. The Corporate and Social Responsibility Committee is chaired by non-executive director, Baroness Wilcox and oversees the integration of CSR throughout the business. The committee comprises the chairman and two other non-executive colleagues, as well as group chief executive, the chief human resources officer and chief legal officer.

Their Purpose and Values and their Business Principles set out their beliefs and the framework for behaviors throughout all Cadbury Schweppes companies. Their Supplier Code and their international Human Rights and Ethical Trading Policy set out the values by which they do business with their partners, suppliers and customers with whom they share a responsibility for ensuring high standards throughout the value chain. These policies have been developed taking into account the highest global standards - such as the International Labour Organization conventions and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - as well as cultural and legal best practice from our local markets.

High employment standards are key to achieving high business performance. They continue to make a major investment in our 54,000 employees around the world, helping them to develop their skills and strategic capabilities. They aim to deliver a leading edge and rewarding employment experience in all the countries in which we operate, set high standards of health and safety and meet the learning and development needs of all employees.

Their key performance areas at Cadbury Schweppes are

· promotes diversity & opportunity all reflecting the diversity of the societies in which they operate

· encourages consultation & dialogue with employees

· provides leading-edge remuneration & rewards for leading-edge performance

· encourages and invests in employee development and training

· provides a healthy and safe working environment

Their Business Principles are also an important part of our management processes and inform how they work, all over the world. Through them they can protect and perpetuate the ethical standards that make Cadbury Schweppes a great company - to work for and to work with. Communication of these principles to all managers enables them to work together to ensure their company maintains its reputation for ethical standards.

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Twelve Angry Men

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"After reading Twelve Angry Men we feel confident in the American legal system." Do you agree with this statement? In your response discuss how the playwright positions us to think about the jury system.

Reginald Rose's cynical examination of the legal system in Twelve Angry Men by no means leaves the audience with any feelings of confidence in its procedures. Regardless of whether each member of the educated audience (such as befits the medium) has his/her's own opinions of the judicial system of democratic countries, the playwright moulds a seemingly uncomplicated situation through the dramatic elements of dialogue and language, set and character to entice a response shattering any preconceived faith in the judgement of right and wrong.

Rose's use of setting serves a dual purpose of practicality and symbolism in developing his theme of the ambiguity inherent in America's legal system. The static environment of a jury room simplifies the presentation of the material but most importantly limits the focus of the play to the characters and their relationship to the assumptions we have in achieving justice. Not only are assumptions questioned but also our values. The "drab, bare room" with few comforts (only old props), to the jurors even during hot days reveals how little value is placed in the role and power of the juror. This in itself decreases the value of the legal system. The power of the system, symbolises by the jury room, is subject to human value.

All the power of the judicial system culminates in the hands of twelve ordinary people, who we can only trust to be fair and serious. It is through the dialogue and language that the composer attempts to evoke a negative response. The fast paced conversational language of the jurors, interspersed with light banter, highlights naivetof the jurors. Rose then emphasises the precariousness of the judicial system, which although frequently enacted in a democracy does come with its problems.Do my essay on Twelve Angry Men CHEAP !

Seemingly, the most significant of these problems is the attitude and prejudices of the jurors, effectively explored in the characters of the jury. The 8th juror's insistent, "I'm just saying that it's possible", contributes to his representation of rationality and arrogant approach to judging the boy, unlike the rd juror who cannot ignore his prejudices that "people of his type" are capable of and will kill uncontrollably. Rose's crafty construction of the evidence plays a game on the audience, who being the middle class can probably understand both the rd and the 8th jurors' perspectives. This puts the audience in the position of the jury, a position of indecision. Should we still then be so confident in justice?

Please note that this sample paper on Twelve Angry Men is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Twelve Angry Men, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Twelve Angry Men will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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