Tort Law

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1) The dispute which I attended to was heard at the County Court of Victoria.

) The parties which were involved in this dispute were Kimberly Kaye Hanvin which is the plaintiff however because she is an infant she is suing by her litigation guardian Kaye Julie Hanvin.

The defendant in this matter is the State of Victoria.

) The material facts of the dispute are as follows;Buy Tort Law term paper

During the luncheon recess on 0th October 000, students dismantled a college clock to the point that one of the dismantled parts was the clock face. The clock face was then used as a frisbee. It was then thrown by one of the students over the roof of one of the schools buildings and then struck the Plaintiff who was standing on the other side of the school.

The injury which occurred due to the incident was a jagged wound to the wrist which dissected a number of tendons and the partial dissection of another. The wound immediately began to bleed. The Plaintiff was then taken to the sick bay where her wounds were bandaged.

On Saturday, 1 November 000 she went to a party with her parents where there she realized she could not move some of her fingers and was taken to Alfred Hospital where she was referred to a specialist who decided upon surgery. On 6 November 000 she was admitted to Austin Hospital.

She was discharged from hospital two days after the surgery when the plaster was removed from her arm. 17 November she was back at college, a laptop computer was provided to her because she was unable to use her hand to write. She completed year 7 successfully but was unable to complete assignment tasks in art, painting and graphics for mathematics.

After physiotherapy was undertaken for approximately two months she regained movements in her wrist and gradually recovered, however the scaring from her surgery remained.

4) During this case many kinds of evidence were produced. The plaintiff displayed the actual object which had caused the damage to her wrist and consequently left the scaring on her wrist.

Medical reports were also displayed to the court to prove that the injuries that she was claiming for were real and could be proven.

Reports were also written by expert's in the field to show the court and the judge that the scars which eventuated from the operations the plaintiff will be there forever and there is no way that plastic surgery would be able to remove it therefore forever blemishing her beauty.

The schools policy was also admitted as evidence as if would help prove that a duty of care was owed by the school to the plaintiff.

5) The main issues before the court in this matter are the tort of Negligence. The plaintiff's allegations are against the servants or agents who basically are the teachers and staff and any other employee which was working at the school at the time. The following are the particulars of the plaintiffs case.

a) failing to supervise or adequately supervise the said college,

b) failing to supervise or adequately supervise the luncheon recess,

c) failing to provide any or any adequate system for adequately patrolling the school grounds during the luncheon recess,

d) failing to confiscate from the student the said metal part,

e) failing to inspect the grounds of the college during luncheon recess,

f) failing to keep any or any proper lookout,

g) failing to monitor the activity of students during the course of .the luncheon recess.

The defendants barristers to prove there case that the defendant did not own any duty of care to the plaintiff tried to apply a previous case with similar facts, Richards v State of Victoria (16) VR 16.

This case which was heard in the Full Court of the Supreme Court of Victoria establishes that a schoolmaster owes to each of his or her pupils while under his or her supervision or control a duty to take reasonable care for the safety of the pupil. Such a duty requires the schoolmaster to take reasonable steps to protect the pupil against risks of injury which the schoolmaster should reasonably have foreseen.

The Barristers of the defendant further argued that there is no duty to avoid all accidents or injuries which may befall pupils while they are in attendance at the school. It is not a duty to ensure against harm but rather it is a duty to take reasonable care to avoid harm being suffered.

The plaintiff's barrister then read out the policies of the school which stated that during all breaks the school yard should be adequately supervised. He further argued that if the yard had been supervised "adequately" then the pupils would not have had time to dismantle the clock.

6) The courts decision was as follows.

The judge held that a clock that size could be dismantled and thrown just shows the lack of supervision of the students in the school yard. The judge also stated that dismantling the clock would have taken a space of time which was longer than was required for its detection if a proper system of supervision or proper supervision per se had been in place at the time.

The court also held that it was reasonably foreseeable that once the clock face was removed from the clock it was likely to be thrown in frisbee mode by one of the students. He considered that the element of causation had been proved.

Damages the Plaintiff is entitled to recover damages representing fair and reasonable compensation for the pain and suffering and loss of enjoyment of life suffered by her in the past and in the future and for the physical damage caused by this incident as well as damages being reasonable compensation for the cosmetic disability which has resulted and which, as a matter of probability, will be permanent.

The plaintiff was awarded $4,584. The judge came to this figure by assessing damages and had arrived at the figure of $40,000 compensation for the Plaintiff in all the circumstances. To this sum he added total sum of $584 to represent the medical and like expenses which have been paid by the litigation guardian, a sum of $64 which must be repaid to the Health Insurance Commission and a sum of $500 which the judged assessed as the damage suffered by the litigation guardian in terms of loss of employment in order to care for the infant Plaintiff.

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"THE ARAB–ISRAELI WARS HAVE RESOLVED NONE OF THE ISSUES THAT LED TO THE OUTBREAK OF THE FIRST WAR 1948" DISCUSS

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After World War Two there was great sympathy for the Jewish peoples and the Zionist quest for a homeland received world wide attention. It was decided that the Jewish homeland should be found in Palestine. However this intended solution to the Zionist struggle and the Palestine conflict ended up doing more harm than good. It sparked a whole new wave of conflicts which up to this day still exist in the middle east, and remain a constant cause of economic, political, and religious turmoil in world affairs.

The land of Palestine has been subject to conflicts for centuries due to the different world religions coming together there. The struggle here between the Jews and Arabs goes far back to ancient times; the Jews claimed that it was there "promised land" which was given from God to Abraham, the Arabs on the other hand claimed it to be the land of their forefathers which they had long before the Jews. After World War One the League of Nations assigned Palestine to Great Britain as mandated territory with the assignment to create a Jewish homeland there. The British government proposed the idea of a binational state of Palestine, one Jewish the other Arab, to the United Nations in February 147. This proposal was voted on in November that same year by the U.N. General Assembly, and was passed with a / majority. This proposal however was very improbable, as it not only proposed to take a large portion of land away from the Arabs and give it to their most hated opponent, forcing them to flee, but it also gave 54 percent of the land to the Jews although they were outnumbered three to one. Clearly this "solution" was all but acceptable for the Arabs, and they prepared to fight back. Although a large portion of the land given to the Jews was desert, it is still very likely that this "unjust" division was the result of post-World War Two sympathy for the Jews and the world wide call for a homeland.

On May 14th148 the state of Israel was announced, the Arab League Secretary, General Azzam Pasha declared jihad. He said, This will be a war of extermination and a momentous massacre which will be spoken of like the Mongolian massacres and the Crusades and the Arabian states Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Egypt attacked Israel. Although the Jewish people were hugely outnumbered, they managed to fight back the Arabs and even increase there territory by 50 percent towards the U.N. plan when the war ended 14. This extraordinary victory can be explained by the facts that the Jews who had before been scattered around the world and persecuted throughout history now had a "homeland" and this spawned a new sense of nationalism. The Jews however were also much better organised and had received military equipment from other countries. After the conflict both nations blamed each other for the conflict, according to Israel, the war resulted from Arab rejection of the U.N. plan, Arabs claim that Israel intended to expand its territory past that assigned by U.N. Help with essay on "THE ARAB–ISRAELI WARS HAVE RESOLVED NONE OF THE ISSUES THAT LED TO THE OUTBREAK OF THE FIRST WAR 1948" DISCUSS

In 156 the Suez War erupted, after the Egyptian president Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal and established a blockade of the Straits of Tiran and thus Israel's access to shipment there. The War began as a combined Israeli-British-French operation, in which the British and French hoped to remove Nasser whom they had been growing increasingly impatient of and recapture the Suez Canal since both had stakes here. The Israelis aimed to stop attacks upon Israeli civilians which had been lauchened from Fedayeen camps in Egypt (upon others), and reestablish trade through the canal. The conflict Ended in a agreement in which Israel reached its objective of stopping terrorism, but the Suez Canal was left in Egyptian hands. Israel even managed to conquer large areas of Sinai, however agreed to withdraw under U.S. pressure, in return for the installation of U.N. separation forces and guarantees of Israeli shipment and a seizing of Egyptian terrorist attacks. This conflict again increased the tension and hatred between the Jews and the Arabs and the willingness of both to fight out conflicts whereever necessary. Although this was not attack upon Israel, and the Israeli's were now fighting an "attacking" war, it did originate from Arab actions. A sideeffect of this conflict was that the Cold War conflict was further fuled, since the U.S. had supported the Israelis and the U.S.S.R. had supported Nasser and the Egyptians.

After the Egyptian-Israeli front had been relatively peaceful after the Suez War, and the consequential agreement of the Egyptian Arabs to stop terrorist attacks on Israel, war again broke out again in 167. This Six-Day War was a "preemptive" strike by Israel, against Egypt following the "Egyptian preparation for war" as it was claimed by Israel, which it justified by Nasser ordering the leave of U.N. peacekeepers from the Sinai. After having received American blessing to an operation against Egypt the attack of Israeli forces against the Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip commenced. After having destroyed the complete airforce capacity of Egypt in one devastating airstrike, Israel had established perfect conditions for its invasion of these territories, and it captured the West Bank and the complete Sinai Peninsula. Against Israels request to Jordan to refrain from attacking it, both Jordan and Syria began to attack Israeli targets. In response Israel captured the West Bank and the Golan Heights. This Six-Day War was the most catastrophic for the Arab nations, as Israel had now not only proven its ability to fight and defend itself, but also to aggresively strike against Arab countries on its own. Israel was now a lot more capable of military action and was not dependent on help from western powers. It should be noted that this war again was started again by Israel -although Arab nations took aggressive actions they did not attack- and it now controlled around three times the land that was originally intended for it by the U.N. plan. It can be said that this conflict also marked the peek in conflict between, as no other war has had such shaping impact on the geography of the region. Although Israel continuosly claims that it is fighting every comflict only for its protection and out of defensive motives, this does seem quite doubful when one considers that it now occupies a territory threefold of its own assigned land. However, the Six-Day War also had positive sides to it, it laid the foundation for future peace negotiations in the region. On November , 167, the U.N. Security Council adopted Resolution 4, the land for peace formula, which called for the establishment of a just and lasting peace based on Israeli withdrawal from territories occupied in 167. This was to end the dispute in the region, respect the sovereignty of all states in the area, and the right to live in peace within secure, recognized boundaries. This resolution was hoped to be a big step towards lasting peace in the region, and it was seen to be a practical base of future diplomacy and not military aggression.

Nonetheless peace was short-lived, only six years after resolution 4 was put to action war broke out again between the Arabs and Israelis. The Egytian president Nasser had died in 170, and his successor Sadat was said to be more rational and peaceful, however he was under pressure by his own government and other Arab nations to do something about the (for the Arabs) unacceptable situation in Sinai. Sadat made several attempts to convince Israel to retreat from the 167 occupied territories. However this was less in diplomatic but more in a threatening way and did not yield any results. Nasser abondoned politics now and together with Syria and under the support of numerous Arab or Arab friendly nations devised a plan to return the territories to pre-167 borders (and possibly more). Although Nasser had threatened to use force in order to regain the "stolen" land, the Israeli forces did not take this seriously, probably because they had become numb to the constant threats which were not followed by actions, the Israelis clearly undere stimated the danger and ignored the eminent war, feeling safe and invulnerable after the 167 war. On October the 8th Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a joint strike, the Syrian forces attacked fortifications in the Golan Heights and the Egyptian forces attacked fortifications around the Suez Canal and on the Sinai Peninsula. After initially suffering heavy losses the Israelis managed to recover and fight back the aggressors to pre-war boundaries, before a armistace was signed again.

This is how the situation more or less remained until the Egytian President Sadat and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, met with Jimmy Carter, at Camp David from September 5 to September 17 178. During the twelve days of secret meetings they agree on a "framework for peace in the Middle East". The basis that was agreed upon therefor is the U.N. Resolution 4 in all its parts, thus the Camp David Accords were a great step toward a peaceful future in the region and restored faith into a future without constant threat and terror for both sides Israelis and Arab. The next steps towar continuos peace were made at Madrid 11, Oslo 1, and Wye River 18. Madrid was the first meeting which saw almost all afftected Nations of the Middle East present and willing to negotiate however little was actually accomplished because the expectations of the different groups were staked to high. Peace talks continued at Oslo two years later, here a lot more was achieved, such as the negociation "Declaration of Principles" which was signed and then later celebrated in Washington with Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin. Tragically however this was the last time Rabin made an appearance in peace politics as he was assasinated by a right-wing extremist of his own people, who did not want to accept the fact that Israel was going to give ladn to Palestinians. This was a great throwback for peace-talks as Rabin had been among the more cooperative politicians in Israel, and it also showed that even if peace were to exist on a political basis, the hatred between the people was still much deeper routed. The next attempt at grounding a basis for peace which is acceptable for both sides was the Wye River Memorandum of 18. This agreement, signed bye Israel's Prime Minister Netanyahu and P.L.O. Chairman Arafat, has probably had the biggest impact and been the most succesful peace agreement since the Camp David Accords. In it was stated that Israel retreats from 1 percent of the occupied territories, and the P.L.O stop the terrorist attacks, partially disarm, and refrain from hostile actions towards Israel. However a lot of the agreed upon terms were not bound to by both sides, this may be due to the "confusing nature" of the Memoradum which has been claimed by international critics (even being compared to swiss chees). Nonetheless it was still a overall successful advance towards lasting accord.

It is undeniable that hostilities from the Arab nations never seized to threaten Israel, and vice versa. However with the amount of hatred and distrust in the region this is not suprising. The aversion of both nations for another is routed to deeply as that it could ever be solve through politics. This is why the future looks pretty grim for both sides, since neither will be willing to put down their weapons. A quote from an unknown Jewish source exemplifies this feeling well "If the Arabs put down their weapons today there would be no more violence. If the Israelis put down their weapons today there would be no more Israel." The initial issues that lead to the first war in 148 are still very well present today, and even with numerous wars and countless many "peace solutions" the fact still remains that both sides see themselves as the rightful owners of the land. From this perspective it can be said that almost a century of fighting has changed nothing. However something must be done, and the only thing possible is to hope that the people themselves realise that the fighting is not going to solve the conflict and will find a peaceful solution.

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Graphic Designer

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There are many required responsibilities in order to be a graphic designer, though the most important responsibilities are keeping on task with certain projects. It is very important that the graphic designer keep track of dates and deadlines. Keeping track and completing projects by the deadlines shows that you are professional, well organized and responsible. If you do not appeal to customers as a professional image, it will most likely result in business loss. Being professional by keeping dates and managing time wisely is what makes a great graphic designer.

A very important qualification in the graphic design field is the use of a computer. A great knowledge of computer graphic design programs is needed. If a graphic designer was not familiar with a computer it would make the job hard and take lots more schooling or some form of learning. Graphic design can be summed up as digital art and a digital artist dos all work on the computer, without the knowledge of a computer your career in graphic design is obsolete. If you had no knowledge in computer then choosing a career in graphic design may be frustrating without schooling and may cause a person to give up in that field of work.

The graphic design field has a very exeptble yearly salary. The median earnings for a graphics director were $56,800 in 000. This shows that the yearly salary of a graphic designer is not too bad at all. The lowest ten percent graphic directors made $0,10 of yearly salary. The earnings are good for the design field.

Graphic design takes very much planning, time and work. Many artist spend up to 1 hours on there simplest designs. Being a graphic designer can be very much time consuming depending on the amount of dedication put into the project being worked on. Before choosing this career it is recommended to have a dedication to the career. These are reasons why many graphic designers are freelance workers, because they are able to make there schedules flexible to have more free and time to work.

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Global Hot Teams

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Trainer Checklist

INTRODUCTION

Did I

 Clearly and precisely state the session objective/s?Cheap College Papers on Global Hot Teams

 Include standards in objective/s?

 Utilise past experience to introduce the session?

 Check current knowledge?

 Motivate the trainee?

BODY

Demonstrate Did I

 Do the job in a competent/professional manner?

 Observe the time factors, good methods, safety, and housekeeping?

Demonstrate and Tell Did I

 Show and tell one step at a time?

 Stress key points?

 Pause between each skill step?

 Ensure that the trainee could see clearly at all times?

 Follow the job breakdown with no backtracking?

 Cover the 'how', ;why', 'when', and 'where' points sufficiently?

 Observe correct methods, good housekeeping, and safety?

 Make adequate provision for the trainee to ask questions?

Check of Understanding Did I

 Ask trainee to describe skill stages and key points?

 Perform the task to the trainee's instructions?

 Ensure the trainee knows how to do the task?

Practice Did I

 have everything ready and properly arranged?

 Correct errors as they occurred with constructive criticism?

 Ensure trainee observed correct methods, good housekeeping, and safety

factors

 Gave the trainee adequate time to practice ie over 50% of the time?

CONCLUSION

Did I

 Briefly revise critical steps and key points?

 Ensure trainee was aware of the standards expected?

 Provide the trainee with a job breakdown sheet?

OVERALL

Did I

 Have all information relevant to the learning experience at my

disposal?

 Have a logical flow in my session?

 Explain new terms/words?

 Present the right amount of information in the time given ie not too much or

too little?

 Present the material at the right level for the trainee?

 Have visual aids and use them correctly?

 Use open-ended questions?

 Show enthusiasm?

 Maintain the interest of the trainee?

 Maintain eye contact?

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









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Genetics

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GENETICS

Leukemia is an expression that describes a variety of cancers, which begin in the blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow, the soft material that fills the long bones in the body and produces blood cells. In leukemia, the bone marrow makes an excess of diseased white cells that cannot perform their purpose of fighting infection. When the leukemic cells begin to fill the marrow, production of healthy red cells, platelets and white cells decreases. As the number of normal cells declines, symptoms appear. Low red cell counts cause tiredness and pale skin. Low platelet counts may result in bleeding and bruising. If mature white cells are crowded out, there will be little defence against infection. The precise reason of childhood leukemia is a mystery, but definite factors are known to raise the risk of developing the disease. Children that have chromosomal abnormalities such as Downs syndrome have a higher risk of developing leukemia than the general population. . Exposure to large amounts of ionising radiation which were released by factories that were producing highly dangerous toxic chemicals have contributed in a major way towards the evolvement of leukemia.

Genetics is the science of legacy. It aims to figure out the mechanism by which the blueprints for life are passed through generations, and how variations in these blueprints are important for evolution, yet can cause disease. Humans, like every other organism, are made up of cells and we all start off as just one cell at the time of fertilisation. This cell contains two sets of genes, one from our mother and one from our father. The genes are packaged up into 46 protein parcels called chromosomes and as the single cell divides, the genes are copied so that every new cell possesses the full match of genetic material. Moreover, knowing that human body has approximately 10 trillion cells, this mechanism of copying the genes is quite remarkable. Genes are made of a chemical called DNA and each cell holds an astonishing two metres of DNA. In a human each gene acts as a formula for the making of a protein and together they make up the recipe book or blue print.

Genes that function abnormally cause genetic disorders. Since genes are passed on from one generation to the next, genetic disorders often run in families. The major categories of genetic disorder are those caused by mutations in specific genes or those caused by structural or statistical abnormalities in the chromosomes. Chromosome abnormalities are due to a disorder in the normal group of 46 chromosomes that we inherit from our parents. Individuals may have more or fewer chromosomes than normal and at the time of cell division, sections of chromosomes can be detached and the part may be lost completely and it may re-attach the wrong way round or it could connect onto another chromosome. The two sections can become detached and change positions. Furthermore, when a cell does not correctly copy its DNA, a mistake or difference in a single DNA letter may happen.Cheap University Papers on Genetics

The different DNA run is likely to result in a different protein being made and if that protein is most important or crucial for the operations of the human body, disease may take place.

Cord blood is one of the richest sources of stem cells that can ever be collected much like bone marrow. It is from the umbilical cord and the placenta right after the cord has been cut. Cord blood contains stem cells that are a back up of the blood and immunity systems. They reproduce or differentiate into other cells and the red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body, white blood cells fight infection and platelets are necessary in the body for clotting. The cells from the cord blood can be used after treatments for a variety of cancer and blood diseases. Stem cells are also unique in the fact that they are the earliest most immature stem cells, safely available. Cord blood banking is the process of collecting the body from the cord right after delivery when the umbilical cord is clamped and the small amount of blood from the cord is drained and then taken to the blood bank. Then the blood containing the stem cells is frozen.

Most genetic testing now is done through amniocentesis when the fetus is 1 to 16 weeks old. But even then, the main risk is that even after going through the treatment cycle, there is no assurance that a pregnancy will be a success. The results are typically available after a wait of an extra three weeks. In this, a sample of the amniotic fluid is drawn from around the fetus. And then a floating cell from the fetus is then found and analysed. If the analysis shows that the fetus is genetically faulty, then the parents have the option of aborting the fetus. Basically all couples do chose to have an abortion. Some adults who know that they are carriers of a genetically transmitted disease decide to not have children.

As latest and fast advances in biological and medical research made it possible to analyze DNA from almost any minuscule sample of human tissue, concerns about privacy and informed consent have been raised. Complicating these issues is the paucity of information addressing tissue acquisition, use, and storage. Furthermore, human tissue is used for medical and biological research and for medical education and training. Other uses of human tissue include identification, such as in paternity testing, cases of abduction or soldiers missing in action, and forensic purposes in crime cases when biological evidence is available for comparison. The most common source of tissue is from patients following diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Tissue specimens may also be taken during autopsies performed to establish the cause of death. But, there is always one question that will be asked, is it approved and who approved it? Against such procedures people of strong religion could be against it. Moreover, a family where there is a child infected by some sort of disease, parents might ask for a PGD to create and genetically select embryos that mach to their child. During this process the parents might go through rough emotional difficulties. As they are trying to create a suitable embryo some could be aborted. As we see to save one infected child we are along the way destroying healthy children.

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Measurement of Mass, Length, and Time

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The objective of this experiment was to determine mathematical relationships between experimentally measured quantities, while also concentrating on taking experimental uncertainties into account when analyzing measurements. Measuring oscillation periods and noting how they changed when varying measurements of the item oscillating accomplished the first goal. Using equipment to measure certain quantities and then determining unknown quantities using mathematical calculations and graphical analysis accomplished the second goal.

In the first lab Period of a Simple Pendulum, each lab team measured oscillation periods of a different length pendulum and then compared our results. We used the formula

(where T=Period and L=Length), to relate the period and lengths to each other. In the second lab "Densities of Aluminum," we used equipment to measure diameter, length, and mass of three aluminum cylinders, so we could then in turn determine their volume, densities, and uncertainty of densities. We used the following equations to related the different sets of measurements

Step 6 Perform a "Linear" fit to the data, and use the slope to determine the density of aluminum. Record this value below. Some graphing programs allow the user to determine the statistical uncertainty in the slope of a plot. This would then enable us to determine the uncertainty in the density. Unfortunately, Excel does not allow for this. We will instead use the average uncertainty calculated in Step 4. This is a reasonable practice since (in most cases) these values will be very close to each other. Record the average uncertainty that you obtained in Step 4.Order College Papers on Measurement of Mass, Length, and Time

The experiment seemed to verify our theory that the length and period of a pendulum are directly related in that the longer the length, the longer the period. We could have shown this idea with even more accuracy had we had more precise tools to measure things with.

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Religion traditions

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Religion

Religion in Australia

Education

Education is an important issue in the Catholic religion. Catholics believeWrite my Essay on Religion traditions cheap

that their children should attend Catholic schools as they believe with their

children½s teaching should come the moral and spiritual Catholic values they

believe in. Education has always been a critical factor in the education

of youth, and after 101 with funding for only secular schools was available.

Catholic½s as above did not want their children attending public schools, so

they payed the prices to send their children to Catholic schools.

There was an outburst of Catholics in Canberra as that was the only place

that would employee them, and this filled a number of Catholic schools.

Around 156 some state aid was offered to the Catholic schools.

In 16 the Goulburn Schools Strike occurred in which the government

request the school be shut down due to lack of boys toilets. The Bishops

and Priests shut down the schools sending the 000 students from the

schools to demand their secular free education in the surrounding public

schools. The schools could only accept ¹ of these students ' and the

Catholics had made the necessity of their schools clear. Funding for

catholic schools thus began.

All Catholic schools are now funded ' and Christians have a strong

influence on Education - Catholics along with large number of

Independent Christian Schools which all do successfully.

Questions they make ask in other language used for this answer

The influence of Christianity on Education since 101

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present

Social Welfare/ Justice.

Christians have the moral value and to help those in need. They feed

the hungry, clothe the poor, ect. It is in their belief systems and it is for that

main reason they are involved in many social welfare and justice issues to

help this cause.

Social Welfare is a system that helps with the systems of problems such as

poverty and unemployment. Groups such as the Wesley Mission, St

Vincent De Paul and the Salvation Army work to set up shelters, raise

money, food, clothing ' and work with many volunteers to provide the

short-term services they need. These services help a lot of needy people.

Religion

Social Justice issues deal with the causes of the problems effecting the

needy. This issue, such as unemployment, poverty, Indigenous and

other rites and health care are assisted by groups such as Caritas

Australia, World Vision, and NCCA (National Council of Churches

Australia).

Christian groups also responded to the great depression by helping achieve

the dole, and getting the government to give them money for their causes.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The influence of Christianity on Social Welfare Since 101

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present

Rural Ministry

As Australia is so vast, to minister to all areas, is not an easy task, and

Christian churches have a great challenge in ministering to these areas.

The Anglican bishop Nathaniel Dawes started the Bush Brotherhood to

solve this problem, and took a group of horse back preachers out to the

rural areas.

The Evangelic Sydney Anglicans formed the Bush Church Aid in

effort to loosen the strength hold of the Bush Brotherhood, and

Catholics ' who had started small developing convents - as they feared the

Catholics aggression (Dr Daniel Manix). John Flynn then began his

Presbyterian ministry ' pioneering the inland mission of his church ' &

recognised for his Royal Flying Doctor Service ' & School Of Air. St

Vincent De Paul also helped people in remote areas & pontifical mission

societies (catholic mission office) collects money in each parish for mission

work.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

Examples of Ministry by Religious Traditions in rural and outback Australia

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present

Aspect of Australian physical and cultural environment

The remoteness and rugged terrain of Australia accounts for the large

distances between the communities ' which in turn makes it difficult for

people to make and build religious communities. Rural ministry then

began with different groups sending ministers to the rural areas in a means

to spread their religion Australia wide.

Religion

Aspect of Australian physical and cultural environment

Historically Christianity was introduced to convicts in means of resentment

and used for punishment. Hence there has become a great lack of respect

for the religion and resentment towards the religion and it½s authorities. In

Australia ' it is socially acceptable to be of no religion.

The festive times of the Christian calendar are set for the Northern

Hemisphere ' and as Australia is in the Southern Hemisphere ' the seasons

are at the opposite time ' eg 'Easter isn½t in the time of spring and new

beginnings ' but autumn and Christmas is in summer not winter.

The role of Christianity within the Indigenous society has been difficult '

starting off with questioning their humanity ' to destructing their society

and religion. The reconciliation processes have now begun ' and

integration of Christianity in Aboriginal religions is now evident.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

Explain unique character of Christianity in Australia deriving from its

physical and cultural environment. And anything asking about that

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present

Labour Movement

The labour party consist of a number of trade unions which run by

communists who wanted an atheists (non religious) society ' yet consisted

of a large number of Catholics. Catholics did not want the communists

enforcing the atheist community ' so a Melbourne Catholic B.A Santamaria

formed "The Movement½ ' which he took Dr Daniel Mannix ' who put it to

the Catholic bishops to fund. "The Movement½ proposed that if a Catholic

member of each of the trade unions would run for president ' and the

bishops and priests could get the community to vote for these people '

each of the trade unions would be run by Catholics ' and hence the labour

party movement.

The labour leaders began to notice the Catholic influence ' and began a

debate which spilt the labour party ' and this placed them out of

government from 150½s till 17.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The attempt by the Catholic Church to influence the labour movement.

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Religion

Conscription

Conscription is the act of forcing Military duty to be compulsory, rather

than a voluntary service. The idea of conscription was favoured by most

Anglican and Protestant Churches, as they believed Australia was in a holy

war ' and those who fought were bless by God.

Dr Daniel Mannix however, didn½t not believe that Catholics ' who were

mainly of Irish descent ' should be forced to fight in an English war '

when the Irish hated the English. He made his opinions public ' and this

became another form of sectarianism - with Protestants accusing Catholics

of not supporting the war effort.

Conscription was denied after referendums ' yet for this happen ' all

the Catholics and at least half the Protestants would have to voted against it.

The Pro-British Protestants were outraged and infuriated and continued

there bitterness throughout the 10½s ' accusing Catholics of being disloyal

to their British empire ' and encouraging Protestants not to hire Catholics.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The attitude of Religious traditions to the conscription debate of World

War I.

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Great Depression

Around 1 - Australia experienced the "Great Depression½ ' a time

where the whole world was at an economic low ' unemployment was high

and thousand of Australians were homeless. The church was also effected

by the depression ' having to cut hired staff and under ' or not pay the

remaining staff. This challenged the churches to meet peoples needs. As

few Christians began to believe that this was a judgment of God 'they

began to raise money and arrange hampers, providing clothing and such for

the needy. Organisation such as St Vincent De Paul and The Salvation

Army - began and setting up soup kitchens and shelter ' which began the

formation of Social Justice and Welfare ' and Catholic began once again to

help the needy people ' according to their belief systems.

These organisations also campaigned for the government to provide a

benefit for the unemployed ' which later became known as "susso½ or the

"dole½

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The actions taken by Religious Traditions during the great depression

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Religion

Wars

During World War I ' most Christians believed that anyone who fought

and supported the war effort was blessed by God. The churches

encouraged people to join the war and this bought high recruitments.

Protestants were the strongest supports ' and Catholics were told to

support them ' and the Quakers were opposed to this and any war even

with "noble cause½ ' yet they were greatly outnumbered. The conscription

issue then arose ' and changed a views on the joining of these wars '

especially the catholic view of entering the war ' but also some unanimous

Protestant opposers

World War II was followed by most Australians as they were fighting for

their own survival ' and churches were in full support ' even when the

issue of conscription was re-established. Although a mass Catholic strike

nearly occurred over arrests of Catholic Germans ' only small numbers of

Quakers ect. opposed the war.

The Vietnam war began with enactment of conscription and leaders such as

B.A. Santamaria supporting the effort 'and the Protestants. Yet a number

of Anglican Bishops and a number of Christian and Secular people objected

the war ' believing simply that Australians had no reason to fight in it ' and

eventually Australia pulled out of the war.

Since 170 ' Church leaders have spoken out against war as a solution to

international problems ' such as The Gulf War.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The positions taken by Religious traditions with regard to Wars involving

Australia since 101.

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Indigenous Rites (Roles and Responses of Religious Traditions.)

S Christians have apologized for their involvement in the Stolen

Generation. This is shown by Church leadership in efforts such as Sea

of Hand ' Sorry day and Pilgrimage to Uluru ect.

S The Christians Churches have helped Indigenous people with areas

such as heath and social issues as well as education and protection

policies to help the stolen generation.

S The Christians Churches have united in public attacks against John

Howard½s 10 point plan to strip Indigenous plans & distinguish Native

title.

Religion

Indigenous Rites (Roles and Responses of Religious Traditions.)

S Islamic leaders have called for a justice debate on issues of Indigenous

self discrimination.

S Jewish groups have called for a week of prayer from Aboriginal

Reconciliation on the Anniversary of the Mabo High Court Decision.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The response of Religious traditions to the issue of Indigenous Rites.

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Poverty (Roles and Responses of Religious Traditions.)

S Christian churches have answered the call to poverty with groups such

dealing with Social Justice and welfare issues such as St Vincent De

Paul and Salvation Army ect. to deal with poverty issues ' with drop

the debt campaigns and soup kitchens ect. .

S Islamic people are advocates for poverty issues with an inbuilt means

of religious tax ' "zakat½ to help the poor.

S Jewish people are debating over the proportion of financial support

that should be directed the local poverty causes in Israel.

S As the Buddhist society increase ' they have formed networks and

youth and aged care centres to help homeless and unfortunate people.

S Churches have united to produce forums and such on issues of

poverty ' example Anglicans , Catholics and Protestants in the NCCA

producing documents on poverty and related issues.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The response of Religious traditions to the issue of Poverty.

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Unemployment (Roles and Responses of Religious Traditions.)

S Christian churches continue to be social advocates for unemployed

with groups in Social Justice and Welfare - assisting with

unemployment issues.

S Christian groups such as Salvation Army have assisted the unemployed

with missions such as Salvation Army Support Plus and Employment

000.

Religion

Unemployment (Roles and Responses of Religious Traditions.)

S Buddhist and Islam communities are relatively small and therefore do

not have widely known organisations working in employment issues

such as Salvation Army etc, they do however provide job networks,

support for unemployed etc within their own communities.

S Catercare in Melbourne has organised jobs for the unemployed

cutting vegetables for restaurants and cafes ' helping the unemployed

and providing a service to the community.

S Churches direct considerable resources and money towards the

unemployed and family welfare of people in their communities.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The response of Religious traditions to the issue of Unemployment

Explain how religion has influenced Australian society from 101 to the

present.

Immigration

As the White Australia Policy distinguished and people began to immigrate

from different areas of the world ' Australia became a larger community '

with more diversity within religions and races of people. It was no longer a

country with mono - cultural /faith (Christians)

There was an increase in Catholics from non-Anglo backgrounds ' which

brought in Orthodox religions. There was also an increase of Buddhist

from Asian backgrounds.

Australians now recognise different religious traditions such as Ramadan '

and have laws against religious discrimination

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The effect of Immigration on Religion in Australia

Account for the increasing diversity in religious adherence from 101 to the

present.

Uniting Church

The Uniting Church formed in 177 from the Methodist, Presbyterian and

Congregational churches, as is the only church with Australian Origin. The

Uniting Church has Ecumenism as its priority and majour goal.

Not all Presbyterians joined to the Uniting Church, some still remain today.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The significance of the formation of the Uniting Church.

Account for the increasing diversity in religious adherence from 101 to the

present.

Religion

White Australia Policy

In 101 the White Australia Policy was declared in which only people of

white skin and Christian religions can enter Australia in order to keep a

mono ' faith and cultural society.

In 17 the Policy ended ' yet it was being too strongly enforced in year

close to this ' and people of all races and religions were allowed to enter.

This caused more diversity within the religions and races of Australia and a

large number of migrants entered.

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The significance of the ending of the White Australia Policy on religion in

Australian society.

Account for the increasing diversity in religious adherence from 101 to the

present.

New Age Religions

"New Age½ is an umbrella term referring to a range of alternative and/or

pseudo religions people are attracted to. Census figures show a slight

dissatisfaction with mainstream religions and alongside this is a strong sense

of longing for spiritual dimensions in life. People therefore tend to

sometimes stay in their mainstream religions and integrate "new age½

religious techniques and ceremonies.

Some examples of new age religions are feng shui, yoga, tai chi, astrology,

tarot cards, numerology etc

Questions they make ask in the other language used for this answer

The development of New Age Religions

Account for the increasing diversity in religious adherence from 101 to the

present.

Religious Conversions

Please note that this sample paper on Religion traditions is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Religion traditions, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Religion traditions will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

Order your authentic assignment from cheap essay writing service and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!